What cavities actually are

A cavity is a small hole in the tooth caused by acid‑producing bacteria. When plaque sits on your teeth, bacteria feed on sugars and release acids that slowly dissolve enamel. If this continues, the enamel breaks down and a cavity forms.

‍

Cavities don’t heal on their own - but early signs can be reversed with the right care.

‍

Early signs of a cavity

Sensitivity to hot, cold or sweet foods

A common early warning sign.

Dark spots or shadows on teeth

Often the first visible sign of enamel breakdown.

Rough or sticky areas

Plaque buildup can make teeth feel uneven.

Pain when biting down

Indicates deeper decay or nerve irritation.

Persistent bad breath

Can be linked to bacteria trapped in decayed areas.

‍

What causes cavities

How to prevent cavities

Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste

Fluoride strengthens enamel and helps reverse early decay.

Floss every day

Removes plaque from areas your toothbrush can’t reach.

Limit sugary snacks and drinks

Especially sticky sweets, juices and fizzy drinks.

Rinse after meals

A quick rinse helps wash away sugars and acids.

Drink plenty of water

Keeps saliva flowing and protects enamel.

Use a straw for iced drinks

Reduces contact with your front teeth.

Regular dental check‑ins

Early cavities are easier to treat than advanced decay.

‍

How cavities are treated

Fluoride treatments

Help strengthen enamel and reverse early decay.

Fillings

Used when a cavity has formed and needs to be sealed.

Crowns

Protect teeth with large areas of decay.

Root canal treatment

Required if decay reaches the nerve.

Replacing old fillings

Modern materials blend naturally with your tooth colour.

‍

When cavities need urgent attention

Sharp pain or throbbing

Often a sign of deeper decay or infection.

Sensitivity that keeps worsening

Indicates enamel breakdown.

Visible holes or dark patches

A cavity is already present.

Swelling or bad taste

Could mean an abscess.

If you notice any of these, a dentist should review the tooth quickly.

‍

How Toothfairy helps with cavity prevention and treatment

Photo‑based assessments

Upload images to check for early signs of decay.

Dentist‑led advice

Get personalised guidance on brushing, diet and enamel protection.

Support for sensitivity

Dentists can recommend safe ways to strengthen enamel.

Clear next steps

Know whether you can manage the issue at home or need an in‑person visit.

‍

‍